As China commemorates the 75th anniversary of Communist Party rule, it faces significant economic and security concerns. Unlike previous milestones, no grand celebrations are planned for this anniversary, aside from a flag-raising ceremony at Tiananmen Square. In past decades, China has marked such occasions with military parades and displays of its economic strength, but these have typically been reserved for round-number anniversaries like the 60th and 70th.
China’s economy, the world’s second-largest, continues to grapple with challenges stemming from a prolonged property slump and broader economic slowdowns after COVID-19. These issues have affected sectors such as construction and the sale of consumer goods. In response, the government recently introduced measures to stimulate the economy, including reduced interest rates and lowered down payment requirements for mortgages.
On the political front, President Xi Jinping remains firmly in control, having secured his position as leader for life by eliminating term limits. His administration has focused on internal stability, continuing anti-corruption campaigns and purging officials considered disloyal. Xi also emphasized the need for vigilance during his address at a banquet held on the eve of the anniversary, warning that China faces tough challenges ahead, including “major tests” and “stormy waves.”
Internationally, China is confronting rising tensions with neighboring countries like Japan, South Korea, and the Philippines over territorial disputes, particularly in the South China Sea. These conflicts are complicated by the countries’ close relationships with the United States, China’s main geopolitical rival. Additionally, China’s recent military actions, including the launch of a nuclear-capable ballistic missile into the Pacific, have heightened concerns about potential conflict.
One of the most sensitive issues remains Taiwan, which China views as a breakaway province. Beijing insists that Taiwan must be reunited with the mainland, by force if necessary, while the U.S. continues to supply arms to bolster Taiwan’s defense.
Domestically, Xi’s consolidation of power means that the Communist Party maintains strict control over the country’s political system and media, with no competitive elections allowed. As China navigates its economic recovery and geopolitical tensions, the anniversary serves as a reminder of both the Communist Party’s long-standing dominance and the complex challenges it continues to face.
